Statue of Buddha in a temple at Vietnam

Buddhism originated into India and spread to world by Gautama Buddha , born in the small village Lumbini of the small kingdom Kapilavastu located on the North-Eastern parts of India , but presently Nepal, 

According to tradition, Siddhartha was born more than 200 years before the reign of the Maurya king Asoka (273-232 BC) and Asoka being one of the pivotal and played important role to spread Buddhism widely while himself converted to budhism.
 
His father was King Suddhodana, the chief of the Shakya nation, one of several ancient tribes in the growing state of Kosala ( Indian Aryan kingdom ) Gautama was the family name. His mother, queen Maha Maya ( mayadevi ) and Suddhodana's wife, was a Koliyan princess.

Gautama inspired and fascinated Hinduism and meditation widely which turned him to realise Enlightenment ( commune with God ) through rigorous austerity, renunciation, sacrifice of luxuries, self-mortification and meditation in the forests of North-Eastern India.
 

After asceticism and concentrating on meditation and Anapana-sati (awareness of breathing in and out), Siddhartha is said to have discovered what Buddhists call the middle way -a path of moderation away from the extremes of self-indulgence and self-mortification. He accepted a little milk and rice pudding from a village girl named sujata, who wrongly believed him to be the spirit that had granted her a wish, such was his emaciated appearance. Then, sitting under a pipal tree (banyan tree), now known as the bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya, he vowed never to arise until he had found the Truth. kaundinya and the other four companions, believing that he had abandoned his search and become undisciplined, left. After 49 days meditating, at the age of 35, he attained Enlightenment; according to some traditions, this occurred approximately in the fifth lunar month, and according to others in the twelfth. Gautama, from then on, was known as the  Buddha or "Awakened One." Buddha is also sometimes translated as "The Enlightened One." Often, he is referred to in Buddhism as Shakyamuni Buddha or "The Awakened One of the Shakya Clan."

At this point, he realized complete awakening and insight into the nature and cause of human suffering which was ignorance, along with steps necessary to eliminate it. These truths were then categorized into the four noble truths; the state of supreme liberation-possible for any being-was called nirvana. He then came to possess the nine characteristics, which are said to belong to every Buddha.

I donate my little knowledge on Buddha here.

Love and Light !
Namaste
owais